Sunday, March 22, 2020

The Sentences Book of James Essays - Sexual Fidelity, Adultery

The Sentences Book of James What I believe the writers are saying, when stating Love they neighbor is having respect for other people and having regard for his or her needs and desires as I have the same esteem for my personal wants and desires. James believes favoritism, not Gods characteristic, as we know the law of God is perfect, excellent and royal. What makes the law royal is because God is the author. We do not have to break all of the laws of God; if we break only law we have violated and disrespected God. As a Christian it is our duty and most importantly to keep Gods law. The laws of God are to be obeyed and followed. Obedience is vital to our Christian walk with Christ and our faith in God gives the ability to do what God says. When one commits adultery God holds that person accountable. If the adulterer breaks his or her promise they have become deceivers, liars and have lied to God. However, and adulterer can be forgiven of that sin, now as for the adulterers and homosexuals at the Church of Corinth (1 Corinthians 6:9-11). Therefore, these are considered serious consequence of human sin, and abominable crime of committing adultery. Jesus is our intercessor, in the New Testament Jesus says, Go and sin no more. These words of inspiration give the sinner a second chance and new beginning.

Friday, March 6, 2020

Martin Luther King Jr. Essay essays

Martin Luther King Jr. Essay essays Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday was first agknowledged as a national holiday in 1986. However, his life had become a part of Americans for years before this. To many African Americans whose rights he helped expand, to many other minorities whose lives his victories touched, and to many whites who welcomed the changes his leadership brought, Mr. King's life seemed overwhelming even as he lived it. He is celebrated as a hero not only for the eyes he's opened, but for his dreams and hopes he shared during a time of change. After long training in the North, Mr. King returned to his home, becoming a pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. Mr. King became the leader of the Montgomery Bus Boycott when it broke out in 1955. That year long non-violent protest, which led to a Supreme Court ruling against bus segregation, brought Mr. King to the attention of the entire country. The occurances immediately following were less successful, but still provided Mr. King with the opportunity to strengthen his protest strategies. Then, in 1963, Mr. King and the SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) joined a campaign in Birmingham, Alabama to end segregation there and to force downtown businesses to allow blacks to work. Peaceful protests were not long after met by fire hoses and attack dogs, joined by local police. Images of this violence broadcast on national news, began an outrage, and this reaction stirred the political atmosphere, and the next year President Lyndon Johnson signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Meanwhile the SCLC was repeating the tactics of Birmingham in Selma, Alabama but this time for the African American voter registration. Once again, images of the police brutality because of the protest helped the passage of federal legislation, this time the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The community of black activists felt that these two major victories set the limit of what gains could still ...

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Structureâ€Based Design and Synthesis of 2-Benzylidene-benzofuran-3-ones as Flavopiridol Mimics The WritePass Journal

Structure–Based Design and Synthesis of 2-Benzylidene-benzofuran-3-ones as Flavopiridol Mimics Conclusion Structure–Based Design and Synthesis of 2-Benzylidene-benzofuran-3-ones as Flavopiridol Mimics Introduction Experimental ProcedureResultsConclusionRelated Introduction Flavopiridol, a well-established inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK’s), is currently undergoing clinical trials. The inhibition of CDK’s, which are involved in the cell division cycle, is a vital goal in anticancer agents and therefore having potent drugs which can selectively inhibit these is crucial. One of the aims is to synthesize 2-benzylidene-benzofuran-3-ones so that they are more potent at inhibiting some of the CDK’s but also selective in nature, something which flavopiridol lacks. To date falvopiridol has been found to inhibit CDK’s 1, 2 and 4 all with the same potency. Flavopiridol acts on the CDK2 enzyme by mimicking the actions of the purine group of ATP. It is the keto and hydroxyl groups of the compound which form the same bidendate hydrogen bonds with the backbone of the CDK2 residues as the nitrogen atoms of the purine functional group of ATP. Having obtained this information it was clear to see that some variations of the benzafuranone structure would be able to mimic the interactions that flavopiridol has with CDK’s. The main objective of testing structural analogues was to obtain new CDK inhibitors that are more selective in discriminating between CDK2 and CDK4. Different substituents were attached to the phenyl ring, with modelling suggesting that a hydrogen bond acceptor group in para position would interact favourably whereas a bulky and positively charged para substituent would have a detrimental effect on CDK2 inhibition but not for CDK4. Experimental Procedure The derivatives of benzafuranone are synthesized in a set of continuous reactions starting with the acid-catalysed condensation of dimethoxy phenol and 1-methyl-4-piperidone in acetic acid. This produces an unsaturated derivative at 62% yield which is then followed by hydrogenation and treatment with chloroacetyl chloride and aluminium chloride to produce a derivative at 50% yield. The compound is then condensed with 4-bromobenzaldehyde to produce a derivative at 41% yield. Finally the aryl bromide derivative is reacted with 1-methylpiperazine and pyridinium hydrochloride to produce a benzofuranone with one R group being the methylpiperazine and the other being a hydrogen group at a 40% yield (8). The compound 8 and 4 others with different R groups were tested in kinase inhibition assays to see their effect on CDK’s 1, 2 and 4. Results The derivative with both R groups being hydrogen’s (4), proved to be as potent as flavopiridol at inhibiting CDK1 but not as effective against CDK2 and CDK4. The variation of potency of the derivative shows that there was a difference in the sensitivity between the enzymes. Moreover it proved that the synthesized benzofuranone derivatives whilst being potent maintained the high selectivity which was desired. When a chlorine atom was added at the ortho position on the phenyl ring the potency generally went down against all the CDK enzymes. The reason for this is that due to the presence of the chlorine there is some steric hinderence preventing the favourable conformation being adopted. Two other compounds which contain SO2NH2 and NO2 respectively as their R groups proved to be more potent than the first derivative in inhibiting CDK1 and CDK2. Both compounds contained hydrogen bond acceptor groups in their para positions and so this acted favourably in terms of conserving lysin e residue in the enzyme. The reason for a lower potency against CDK4 was due to the lack of conservation of lysine. The slight increase when a sulphonamide group was present as opposed to a nitro group is the result of its additional capacity to donate hydrogen bonds. Compound 8 was again more potent than the derivative with two hydrogen groups as the side chains. This was more prominent in the inhibition of CDK1 as there seemed to be a greater amount of repulsive interaction with the lysine at the 89th position. There wasn’t any noticeable difference in the potency between the compound 8 and 4 due to the ability of compound 8 being able to access the free solvent space due to the replacement of the lysine (at the 89th position) by a threonine. Conclusion The compounds obtained from the generalised structure of 2-benzylidene-4,6-dihydroxy-7-benzofuran-3-ones showed inhibitory characteristics which are true of flavopiridol mimetics. Through careful manipulation of the structure it was possible to increase the inhibitory potency against the CDK1 and CDK2 enzymes and obtain selectivity against CDK4 due to the lack of conservation of lysine. However it was often difficult to increase the inhibition at CDK4 due to shape of   the ATP binding site which prevented favourable interactions between the ligand occurring.